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ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
Q.1 : A plant consumes 4,500
tons of furnace oil per year (GCV =10,200 kCal/kg), as well as 43,000 MWh of electricity per year. Draw the
pie-chart of percentage share of each type of
energy based on consumption in kCal (1 kWh = 860 kCal)
Q2) How much Stream is recuire in a heat exchange to
heat 120 kg/ hour of a process fluid From 40o C to 90o C. The specific heat of
process fluid is 0.24 kCal/kg oC and the latent heat of steam is 540 kCal/ kg
Q.3
The following table shows the import bill of fossil
fuels in million metric tonnes (MMT) and its cost in Crores Rupees over the
last eight years.
(i) calculate
the average annual percentage increase of fossil fuel imports
(ii) calculate
the average annual percentage increase of the import bill
(iii) calculate
the average costs for the last eight years, in Rs. Per metric ton of imported
fossil fuels.
Q.4
Fuel
substitution from a high cost fuel to a low cost fuel in boilers is common to
reduce energy bill. For the following
situations calculate:
(i)
annual reduction in
energy costs in Crore Rs.
(ii)
annual change in energy
consumption in %. (Calorific value of fuels not required for calculations)
Before
substitution:
Steam output = 6
tons/hour
Fuel consumption = 1
ton oil per 13 tons of steam.
Operating hours = 6400
/ Year
Fuel costs = Rs.13,000
/ton of oil
Boiler thermal efficiency (yearly
average)= 82%
After
Substitution:
Steam output = 6
tons/hour
Fuel consumption = 3
tons of waste wood per 13 tons of steam
Fuel costs = Rs.2,000
/ ton of waste wood
Boiler thermal efficiency (yearly
average) = 74%
Q.5 A company invests
Rs.10 lakhs and completes an energy efficiency project at the beginning of year
1. The firm is investing its own money and expects an internal rate of return,
IRR, of at least 26% on constant positive annual net cash flow of Rs.2 lakhs,
over a period of 10 years, starting with year 1.
(i)
Will the project meet
the firm’s expectations?
(ii)
What is the IRR of
this measure?
Q.1) A waste heat recovery system can be installed
in a furnace, which will cost Rs. 7,00,000/- to
install. This system is expected to have a useful life of 6 years. The
salvage value will be Rs. 2,00,000/-.
The system will reduce the energy cost by Rs. 2,00,000/- per year, when it
operates at full capacity. However the plant will be operating at partial
capacity for the first 3 years and the annual energy savings will be at 70% of
the energy cost savings at full capacity (Rs. 1,40,000/-). (20 Marks)
The new system will entail a maintenance cost of Rs.
10,000/- per year for the first 3 years and Rs.12,000 per year for the next 3
years. A major overhaul is required in the 3rd year, which will cost Rs 1,00,000/-
a)
If discount rate is 10%, calculate the NPV and find out whether this
energy conservation measure is profitable
b)
What is the profitability index for the project?
Q.2
An energy auditor undertakes the energy audit of a
steam system. The operating data is
given as per the schematic diagram given below
Key data and assumptions are enunciated below:
a) Specific
enthalpy of water at 10 kg/cm2 (g) pressure : 186 kCal/kg
b) Specific
enthalpy of evaporation/latent heat at 10 kg/cm2 (g) pressure : 478
kCal/kg
c) Dryness
fraction of steam generated : 0.95
d) Coal
consumption : 840 kg/ hr
e) Net
calorific value (NCV) of imported coal : 6269 kCal/kg
f) Moisture
in coal : 3.5%
g) Hydrogen
in coal : 4%
Other
parameters as indicated in the above figure :
Based on preliminary data assessment as stated
above, calculate the following:
i. Feed
water temperature to boiler
ii. Boiler
efficiency by direct method on GCV basis
iii. If
the condensate return is enhanced to 6 TPH (steam generation of 7 TPH remaining
same) what will be the reduction in coal consumption?
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